NATURE OF CONFLICT AND ITS INFLUENCE ON NIGERIA

Abstract

Conflict is as old as human existence, and can be in various forms, such as ethnic, religious, national, and regional, among others. This study examines the nature, causes and implications of conflict, analysing its impact on national stability and evaluating the effectiveness of existing conflict resolution strategies. Employing a mixed-methods approach, including thematic analysis of qualitative data from interviews and focus group discussions, the research identifies key themes: the multifaceted nature of conflicts (ethnic, religious and resource-based), their detrimental effects on social cohesion and development and the challenges hindering peacebuilding, such as corruption, weak governance and socioeconomic inequalities. The Ife-Modakeke crisis, which is an ethnic conflict in nature is driven by land disputes and ethnic tensions, highlights the potential of traditional mediation and community-based approaches, though unresolved grievances indicate the conflict is managed rather than fully resolved. The study critiques the limitations of military interventions and uniform resolution strategies, advocating for context-specific frameworks, empowered traditional mediation and addressing root causes like land ownership and inequality. Findings suggest that sustainable peace in Nigeria requires tailored, inclusive and equitable strategies. The research contributes to the literature on conflict resolution by re-evaluating democratic systems’ shortcomings and proposing alternative peacebuilding mechanisms, offering practical insights for stakeholders, including the Nigeria Police Force and informing policy for lasting peace.