MAPPING THE PATH TO EQUITABLE HEALTHCARE A GEOSPATIAL ANALYSIS OF PRIMARY HEALTHCARE FACILITIES IN IGABI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract

This study employs geospatial analysis to investigate the distribution and accessibility of primary healthcare facilities (PHCFs) in Igabi Local Government Area (LGA), Nigeria. Recognizing the vital role of primary healthcare in achieving equitable healthcare provision, the research utilizes geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial data to map the existing facilities and assess their proximity to population centers. Nigeria, facing significant healthcare challenges, particularly in rural areas, serves as the backdrop for this study. The objectives of the study are twofold. Firstly, it aims to examine the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents in the study area. This involves analyzing factors such as age, gender, education level, occupation, and income to understand the population's composition and diversity. Secondly, the study seeks to assess the distribution of PHC in the study area. By employing geospatial analysis techniques, the researchers aim to identify the spatial patterns and concentration of PHCFs in different parts of Igabi LGA. The analysis takes into account factors such as the proximity of facilities to population centers, transportation infrastructure, and the availability of healthcare services in different wards or neighborhoods. Building on previous geospatial analyses in Nigeria, the study draws on methodologies employed by researchers to examine spatial patterns and accessibility of healthcare facilities. The findings reveal a concentration of PHCFs in certain wards, particularly in urban or semi-urban areas along major roads. While Rigasa, Zangon Aya, and Kerawa demonstrate higher accessibility, disparities emerge in the southern part of the study area due to poor road networks. The study underscores the need for targeted interventions to enhance healthcare equity, recommending prioritized establishment and upgrading of PHCFs, infrastructure investments, public-private collaboration, community engagement, regular geospatial analyses, climate-resilient infrastructure planning, health education programs, and collaboration with NGOs. Geospatial analysis provides valuable insights for evidence-based policymaking to bridge healthcare disparities and improve the overall health and well-being of Igabi LGA's population. The study's recommendations offer a comprehensive approach to address challenges and foster equitable access to primary healthcare services.