ENHANCING PRODUCTIVITY AND SUSTAINABILITY IN THE NIGERIA AGRICULTURE USING THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT) PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES

Abstract

Agriculture has been fundamental to human civilization, playing a vital role in food production, employment, and economic stability. In regions like Nigeria, agriculture contributes significantly to the Growth Domestic Product (GDP) and employs a substantial portion of the population. However, challenges such as low irrigation levels, climate change, and inadequate technology hinder productivity. To meet future food demands, the Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) projects a 70% increase in global agricultural output by 2050, necessitating sustainable and innovative solutions. The aforementioned necessity is the thrust of the paper. The Internet of Things (IoT) offers transformative potential in this regard, through smart farming and precision agriculture. IoT technologies enable real-time monitoring, data-driven decision-making, and optimized resource management, enhancing productivity and sustainability.  Despite its benefits, IoT adoption in Nigerian agriculture faces technological, economic, and social barriers, including poor internet connectivity, high initial costs, and resistance to change. Addressing these challenges through infrastructure development, capacity building, technical support, and localized solutions is crucial. By leveraging IoT in its agriculture, Nigeria can overcome its agricultural challenges, enhance productivity, and promote sustainable practices which inturn ensures food security for a growing population. Recommendations were proferred for widespread and efficient utilisation of IoT in the Nigeria agricultural sector to enable enhancement in productivity and sustainability in the Nigeria agriculture.